Icyerekezo cy'uruhererekane rw'inganda za aluminiyumu mu 2026: Itangwa ry'ibikoresho rihagije, ibiciro biriyongera

I. Ingano ya Bauxite ihagije nubwo ibiciro byo kohereza ibicuruzwa byiyongera

Umusaruro wa bauxite mu gihugu cyanjye muri Gashyantare wari toni miliyoni 4.7567, wagabanutseho 10.92% buri kwezi ariko wazamutseho 6.13% buri mwaka, bigaragaza ko hari ingano y’ibicuruzwa bicuruzwa mu gihugu. Ku bijyanye n’amabuye y’agaciro atumizwa mu mahanga, igihugu cyanjye cyatumije toni miliyoni 14.67 za bauxite mu Ukuboza, wagabanutseho 2.88% buri kwezi na 2.02% buri mwaka, nabyo bigaragaza ko hari ingano y’ibicuruzwa bicuruzwa. Ariko, izamuka ry’ibiciro byo gutwara ibintu ryatumye ibiciro byo gutwara ibintu bizamuka buhoro buhoro bitewe n’izamuka ry’ibiciro bya peteroli.

Ku bijyanye n'ubushobozi bushya, kwiyongera kw'umusaruro wa bauxite ku isi mu 2026 kuzakomeza kuba muri Guineya. Hashingiwe ku kwiyongera kw'umusaruro utegerejwe ku bigo bisanzwe, byasubukuwe, n'ibyaguwe muri Guineya, umusaruro wa bauxite ku isi uteganijwe kwiyongeraho toni zigera kuri miliyoni 40-50 muri 2026. Uretse ibibazo bishobora kubangamira politiki, isoko rya bauxite riteganijwe gukomeza kuba rihagije muri 2026.

II. Igitutu cy'umuvuduko w'ingufu za alumina kirakomeje, ariko ibiciro birazamuka

Muri Gashyantare, umusaruro wa alumina yo mu gihugu cyanjye mu rwego rw'ibyuma wari toni miliyoni 6.6002, wagabanutseho 10.63% buri kwezi na 0.05% buri mwaka. Igabanywa rikomeye ry'umusaruro ryakozwe n'isosiyete yo mu majyaruguru y'Ubushinwa hagati muri Gashyantare, hamwe no gusana ibikoresho no kuvugurura imiyoboro y'umusaruro na amwe mu masosiyete, no kugabanya umutwaro w'imikorere na amwe mu masosiyete yo mu majyepfo, byatumye umusaruro wose wa buri kwezi ugabanuka gato. Muri Werurwe, amwe mu masosiyete ashobora gukomeza gusana no kuvugurura imiyoboro y'umusaruro, kandi inganda zizajya mu cyiciro cyo gukuraho ibikoresho. Ariko, ubushobozi bushya bw'umusaruro muri Guangxi buri kugenda burekurwa buhoro buhoro, bigabanyiriza igabanuka ry'igabanuka, kandi ubushobozi bwose bw'umusaruro muri rusange bwitezweho kugabanuka buhoro.

Ku bijyanye n'ubushobozi bushya, umubare munini w'ubushobozi bwa alumina uzakomeza kurekurwa mu gihugu no mu mahanga mu 2026. Biteganyijwe ko hazongeraho toni miliyoni 15 z'ubushobozi bushya mu gihugu, cyane cyane mu ntara za Guangxi na Hebei, mu gihe toni miliyoni 7.5 z'ubushobozi bushya mu mahanga zizongeraho, ahanini zigashyirwa mu Buhinde, bigatera igitutu gikomeye ku ruhande rw'umusaruro wa alumina.

Mu Kuboza, igihugu cyanjye cyohereje mu mahanga toni 205.900 za alumina, ziyongereyeho 22.56% buri kwezi na 9.35% buri mwaka, mu gihe cyoherezaga mu mahanga toni 227.800, zagabanutseho 1.98% buri kwezi ariko zazamutseho 1389% buri mwaka. Ibicuruzwa byinjijwe mu mahanga muri Ukuboza byari toni 21.900. Ku bijyanye n'aho alumina ijya mu mahanga no mu mahanga, u Burasirazuba bwo Hagati bufite igice gito cyane.

Ku bijyanye n'ububiko bw'ibintu, kugeza ku ya 5 Werurwe, ububiko bw'ibintu byose bya alumina mu gihugu cyanjye bwageze kuri toni miliyoni 5.722, bikomeje kwiyongera. Ubwiyongere bwaturutse ahanini ku bubiko bw'ibintu biri mu nzira z'ubwikorezi n'ubwambu, mu gihe ububiko bw'ibintu bizaza bwazamutse burenga toni 330.000.

III. Incamake

Muri rusange, ibintu biri mu Burasirazuba bwo Hagati ntibiragira ingaruka zikomeye ku itangwa rya bauxite ku isi. Ariko, ukurikije uburyo ibicuruzwa bitwarwa, izamuka ry’imizigo yo mu nyanja ryazamuye ikiguzi cyo gutwara bauxite, bityo bigatera imbere ibiciro by’amabuye y’agaciro atumizwa mu mahanga mu gihugu. Ku bijyanye na alumina, bitewe nuko u Burasirazuba bwo Hagati ari bwo butumiza alumina mu mahanga, ihungabana ry’ubwikorezi ryatumye itangwa ry’amashanyarazi riva mu turere tutari utw’Iburasirazuba bwo Hagati ryiyongera. Ariko, hamwe n’izamuka ry’ibiciro by’ingufu n’ibikoresho fatizo bya soda, inkunga y’ibiciro bya alumina nayo yarakomeje. Ku bijyanye na alumina ikoreshwa mu gukwirakwiza amashanyarazi mu Burasirazuba bwo Hagati, u Burasirazuba bwo Hagati ni bwo butumiza amashanyarazi mu mahanga, kandi imiterere y’ubutaka igira ingaruka zikomeye ku bigo by’amashanyarazi bya alumina byo mu gihugu. Ukurikije uburyo ibicuruzwa bitangwa ku isi, ibi byamaze kugira ingaruka zikomeye ku itangwa rya alumina ikoreshwa mu gukwirakwiza amashanyarazi, bikagira ingaruka nziza cyane.

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