Umbono We-Chain Yemboni Ye-Aluminium Ka-2026: Ukunikezwa Okwanele, Izindleko Ezikhuphukayo
I. Ukunikezwa kwe-Bauxite Eningi Naphezu Kwezindleko Zokuthumela Ezikhuphukayo
Ukukhiqizwa kwe-bauxite ezweni lami ngoFebhuwari bekungamathani ayizigidi ezingu-4.7567, kwehle ngo-10.92% inyanga nenyanga kodwa kwenyuke ngo-6.13% unyaka nonyaka, okubonisa ukutholakala okwanele kwasekhaya. Ngokuphathelene ne-ore engenisiwe, izwe lami lingenise amathani ayizigidi ezingu-14.67 e-bauxite ngoDisemba, kwehle ngo-2.88% inyanga nenyanga kanye no-2.02% unyaka nonyaka, okubonisa nokutholakala okwanele. Kodwa-ke, izindleko zokuthumela ezikhulayo ziholele ekwenyukeni kancane kancane kwezindleko zokuthumela ngenxa yokwenyuka kwamanani kawoyela ongahluziwe.
Ngokuphathelene nomthamo omusha, ukwanda okukhulu kokukhiqizwa kwe-bauxite emhlabeni wonke ngo-2026 kuzobe kuseseGuinea. Ngokusekelwe ekukhuleni okulindelekile kokukhiqizwa okuvela emabhizinisini akhona, aqaliswe kabusha, nanwetshiwe eGuinea, ukuhlinzekwa kwe-bauxite emhlabeni wonke kulindeleke ukuthi kwande cishe ngamathani ayizigidi ezingama-40-50 ngo-2026. Ngaphandle kokuphazamiseka kwenqubomgomo okungenzeka, ukuhlinzekwa kwemakethe ye-bauxite kulindeleke ukuthi kuhlale kwanele ngo-2026.
II. Ingcindezi Yokunikezwa Kwe-Alumina Ihlala Ikhona, Kodwa Izindleko Ziyakhuphuka
NgoFebhuwari, ukukhiqizwa kwe-alumina yezinga lensimbi ezweni lami kwakungamathani ayizigidi ezingu-6.6002, kwehle ngo-10.63% inyanga nenyanga kanye no-0.05% unyaka nonyaka. Ukunciphisa ukukhiqizwa okukhulu yinkampani enyakatho yeShayina maphakathi noFebhuwari, kuhlanganiswe nokulungiswa kwemishini kanye nokuthuthukiswa kwemigqa yokukhiqiza yizinkampani ezithile, kanye nokunciphisa imithwalo yokusebenza yizinkampani ezithile eningizimu, kwaholela ekunciphiseni okuncane ekukhiqizweni kwenyanga yonke. NgoMashi, ezinye izinkampani zingase ziqhubeke nokulungiswa kanye nokuthuthukiswa kwemigqa yokukhiqiza, futhi imboni izongena esigabeni sokususwa kwesitokwe. Kodwa-ke, amandla okukhiqiza amasha eGuangxi akhululwa kancane kancane, anciphise okunye kokuncipha, futhi amandla okusebenza jikelele kulindeleke ukuthi abonise umkhuba wokwehla kancane.
Ngokuphathelene nomthamo omusha, inani elikhulu lomthamo we-alumina lisazokhishwa ngaphakathi nangaphandle ngo-2026. Kulinganiselwa ukuthi cishe amathani ayizigidi ezingu-15 omthamo omusha wasekhaya azongezwa, ikakhulukazi ezifundazweni zaseGuangxi naseHebei, kuyilapho cishe amathani ayizigidi ezingu-7.5 omthamo omusha waphesheya kwezilwandle azongezwa, ikakhulukazi e-India, okuholela ekucindezelekeni okukhulu ohlangothini lokuhlinzekwa kwe-alumina.
NgoDisemba, izwe lami lithumele amathani angu-205,900 e-alumina, okwenyuke ngo-22.56% inyanga nenyanga kanye no-9.35% unyaka nonyaka, kuyilapho lithumela amathani angu-227,800, okwehle ngo-1.98% inyanga nenyanga kodwa okwenyuke ngo-1389% unyaka nonyaka. Ukungeniswa okusele ngoDisemba bekungamathani angu-21,900. Ngokuphathelene nezindawo zokungenisa nokuthumela i-alumina, iMpumalanga Ephakathi inengxenye encane kakhulu.
Ngokuphathelene nempahla egciniwe, kusukela ngomhlaka-5 Mashi, yonke impahla ye-alumina yezwe lami ifinyelele kumathani ayizigidi ezingu-5.722, iqhubeka nokukhula. Ukwanda kwavela kakhulu ezintweni ezisetshenziswayo kanye nezinto ezisetshenziswa echwebeni, kuyilapho izinto ezisetshenziswayo zesikhathi esizayo zikhuphuke ngaphezu kwamathani angu-330,000.
III. Isifinyezo
Sekukonke, isimo eMpumalanga Ephakathi asikakabi nomthelela omkhulu ekuhlinzekweni kwe-bauxite yomhlaba wonke. Kodwa-ke, ngokombono wezimpahla, ukwanda okuqhubekayo kwempahla yasolwandle kukhuphule izindleko zokuthutha i-bauxite, ngaleyo ndlela kusekela amanani e-ore angeniswa ngaphakathi ezweni. Ngokuphathelene ne-alumina, njengoba iMpumalanga Ephakathi ingumthengisi we-alumina ophelele, ukuphazamiseka kwezokuthutha kuholele ekwandeni kokuthunyelwa okuvela ezifundeni ezingezona zaseMpumalanga Ephakathi. Kodwa-ke, ngokwanda kwamanani e-caustic soda yamandla kanye nezinto zokusetshenziswa, ukwesekwa kwezindleko ze-alumina nakho kuqinisiwe. Ngokuphathelene ne-aluminium ye-electrolytic, iMpumalanga Ephakathi ingumthengisi we-aluminium ye-electrolytic ophelele, futhi isimo se-geopolitical sinomthelela omkhulu emabhizinisini endawo e-aluminium ye-electrolytic. Ngokombono wokunikezwa komhlaba wonke, lokhu sekuvele kube nomthelela omkhulu ekuhlinzekweni kwe-aluminium ye-electrolytic, okunomphumela ocacile kakhulu.
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